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quick update on blades plus question regarding induction conversions | 11 comments (11 topical, editorial)
Re: quick update on blades plus question regarding (3.00 / 0) (#4)
by cslarson on Sat Jan 26th, 2008 at 10:03:06 AM MST
(User Info)

Following is a mockup how the magnets for a conversion might be arranged for the 5.5kW motor if it was not rewound (stays 4-pole).  There are 24 magnets of size 10x20x59mm.

I would welcome any comments and suggestions.  Should I use larger (thicker, at least) magnets?  I have noticed a number of different methods being used to affix the magnets to the rotor.  I think Zubbly had a nice method of filling around the magnets with resin, but he used circular magnets.  If I employed that method I might have to use smaller magnets and leave some space between them.

I am expecting the rpm range of my set of blades to be between 100 and 400 or so.  Without a rewind could anyone hazard a guess at what volts I might obtain from this setup?







Re: quick update on blades plus question regarding (3.00 / 0) (#5)
by ghurd on Sat Jan 26th, 2008 at 05:24:35 PM MST
(User Info)

It looks like nobody wants to guess...  So I'll give it guess.
I think the volts will be lower than the target.

Is it wired in Delta now?
Changing it to Star will help, and might get it up to what you want.

Bar magnets will have a pretty large effective gap.  Might try magnets less than half as long, and put them in like Zubbly would stagger his if he was using 2 per pole.

It is going to be a real treat getting them on there.  I don't know how anyone would get that many magnets of that size next to each other.
Be careful.
G-

[ Parent ]



Re: quick update on blades plus question regarding (3.00 / 0) (#6)
by cslarson on Sat Jan 26th, 2008 at 10:47:04 PM MST
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Thanks very much for your response.  Could you explain what you mean when you say bar magnets will have a pretty large effective gap?  I think I understand you to mean that they can be spaced out somewhat, but could you explain?  Also, in that mockup I have made the airgap (gap between magnets and stator) as small as possible thinking that I want to take advantage of as much magnetic flux as possible.  Increasing the airgap would leave some room to wrap fiberglass around the magnets to hold them in place.  

If I have this right, according to Faraday's law of induction, the voltage produced is proportional to both the number of turns in the coil and the magnetic flux.  Increasing either will help me reach my target voltage range.  If possible I would like to leave it in a delta configuration to take advantage of the increased efficiency (less resistance).  Also, I think star-delta switching might not work with the water pump controller we will be using which will hiccup if the V/f ratio changes.

The following mockup allows for more space between the magnets (that would presumably be filled with resin).  There is also about a third more magnetic volume.  Clearly, to answer my question about predicting the final voltage I need to spend a little time with Faraday's Law!  Regardless, comments are much appreciated.









[ Parent ]



Re: quick update on blades plus question regarding (3.00 / 0) (#7)
by ghurd on Sun Jan 27th, 2008 at 12:23:44 AM MST
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I think you are past what Faraday intended!
Zubbly put the magnets on the rotor, then tried a test winding.  He was good at guessing, but he did a test winding.

The smaller the air gap the better.  Yes.
I am not so good with software.
Cut the top and bottom off a soup can to be the laminations.  Use a pencil as the magnet.
Skew the magnet (pencil) inside the laminations (can).
The middle of the magnet is far from the lanimations.

Use a ruler as the magnet, and the edges make it worse.

I have a few concerns...

Do you have neo magnets?  
It will be VERY difficult to get them that close together with the proper pole up.
The size of the motors or magnets is not clear to me, but I would not try it with bar magnets because it sounds somewhere between impossible and simply dangerous.

The air gap is important.  However, if the magnets are that thick, I have concerns about completely or over saturating the laminations.  It causes problems I can not explain.  Too much flux causes problems.

Simply replacing the armature into the stator will be a dangerous task, requiring block and tackle.

Is this the first conversion you have done.  This is not a good size to start with.

I believe you may be seriously under estimating the forces and violence involved.
G-





[ Parent ]



Re: quick update on blades plus question regarding (3.00 / 0) (#8)
by cslarson on Sun Jan 27th, 2008 at 05:05:48 AM MST
(User Info)

Thanks for the warning.  Since the idea is to come up with something that will be easier to make I will certainly heed it!  I looks like I am back to the original Zubbly design.  The mockup below uses 18(dia)x15mm disk magnets.  These would be used in the 5.5kW induction motor pictured in my first post.  Modeling it makes it easier for me to line everything up and make templates and such.  Yes, I will be using neodymium magnets.

So you are saying that I cannot simply use thicker disk magnets to increase the flux and thus increase the final voltage?  Does the magnet configuration shown below look sensible?









[ Parent ]



Re: quick update on blades plus question regarding (3.00 / 0) (#9)
by ghurd on Mon Jan 28th, 2008 at 03:44:27 AM MST
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It looks a lot more sensible to me.

Increasing the magnet thickness (some people call it 'length') will increase the voltage.

The big thick bar neos looked like it might have saturated the laminations, causing problems. (if you could have got them on there!)
I had the problem a couple times.  I can't explain it, but here is where it was explained to me...
http://www.fieldlines.com/story/2006/8/23/144336/344
G-

[ Parent ]



Re: quick update on blades plus question regarding (3.00 / 0) (#10)
by cslarson on Mon Jan 28th, 2008 at 08:08:09 AM MST
(User Info)

Thanks for the link, though I'm not sure how much of it I understood. Is the gist that the laminations in the stator can only usefully take a certain amount of flux going through them? I came across these magnets which are the same cost (by volume) as the 18x15mm ones in the image above, but are 3/4" x 3/4" (19.05mm x 19.05mm), so thicker. Could using thicker/longer magnets like these cause over-saturation problems?

Just one more question if I may. Zubbly's method is to machine down the rotor, and with the help of a pre-drilled fiberglass cylinder, set the magnets in place with resin. Could the holes be drilled straight in to the rotor (though problem might arise getting them all exactly the same depth)? I was also thinking it might be possible to make something that has the same initial function as the fiberglass cylinder that Zubbly uses, but that could be removed to function in the same way for the next conversion, eliminating the need for drilling all those holes again. The problem with the second idea is if the fiberglass is needed for added strength.

Thanks very much for your help. I realize I have less experience with these, but believe there is knowledge here that could help encourage a better small wind power industry here in Afghanistan.

[ Parent ]


Re: quick update on blades plus question regarding (3.00 / 0) (#11)
by ghurd on Mon Jan 28th, 2008 at 08:31:42 AM MST
(User Info)

I do not know when saturation will happen.  It just looked like if those big bar neos were installed, it could have been a problem.

I don't think it would be a problem with round neos.

Setting the magnets into the steel rotor will short out the flux.
They could go in a small percentage, but not much.
Many people have machined the rotor, then used a pressed on aluminum cage dilled to hold the magnets.  It's something I can't do.

This would work with a lathe, and a lot of time with a file...
http://www.fieldlines.com/story/2007/2/2/55123/75010


[ Parent ]



quick update on blades plus question regarding induction conversions | 11 comments (11 topical, 0 editorial)

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