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Small Solar PV switchboard


By BT Humble, Section Controls
Posted on Sun Dec 19th, 2004 at 11:41:18 PM MST
A small power distribution box/switchboard

This is the prototype of a small switchboard/distribution box for remote solar lighting systems.  I've tried to keep the design simple and cheap (under $10 Australian for the parts), and hopefully rugged enough to last at least 10 years.

Essentially, it's a box with three switched cigarette lighter sockets, an LED voltmeter, and two pairs of connection for a solar panel and a battery:

Here's a view with a battery connected:

The cigarette lighter sockets are made from short sections of 21mm I.D. tube (in this case, rusty old steel stuff that I had lying around).  The central electrode is a self-tapping screw into the wooden base board, which seems to work just fine.

An oblique view, showing how the voltmeter circuit board is mounted using a couple of layers of double-sided tape:

The fusing consists of a 3AG fuseholder conected at the +ve battery terminal, with a 10A fuse inside.

I knocked this together in a few hours on Saturday afternoon, then took it along to my family pre-christmas gathering for comments.  The recommendations were:

  • (Dad, farmer) Make the cigarette lighter sockets out of copper plumbing tube, as it'll be easier to work, easier to solder to, and more resistant to corrosion;
  • (Tim, brother, electrician) Make the case out of either aluminium or galvanised steel, rather than the bit of old washing machine cabinet used for the prototype;
  • (Dave, brother-in-law, builder of BIG electrical switchboards) Lacquer the voltmeter circuit boards, to protect them from corrosion.
BTH
Small Solar PV switchboard | 10 comments (10 topical, 0 editorial)

Re: Small Solar PV switchboard (3.00 / 0) (#1)
by BT Humble (bt_humble@bigpond.com) on Sun Dec 19th, 2004 at 05:12:51 PM MST
(User Info) http://www.humbletown.org

Here's a wiring diagram for the power box (I really should get myself a better camera):

BTH



Re: Small Solar PV switchboard (3.00 / 0) (#2)
by DakotaSIG on Sun Dec 19th, 2004 at 08:47:46 PM MST
(User Info)

Looks like an interesting project. I do have a few questions and comments. Why the switches? Couldn't you just pull the cig. lighter plug out? Make the sockets a little deeper so they would hold the plugs without making connection until the plug is pushed all the way in? You might also want to look at simply mounting everything on a piece of rot-resisant wood and use solid copper wire mounted securely on the board for connections. Look to antique electrical stuff for examples of how to make circuits that will last.

Just my .02
HTH




Re: Small Solar PV switchboard (3.00 / 0) (#3)
by BT Humble (bt_humble@bigpond.com) on Sun Dec 19th, 2004 at 09:27:33 PM MST
(User Info) http://www.humbletown.org


Looks like an interesting project. I do have a few questions and comments. Why the switches? Couldn't you just pull the cig. lighter plug out? Make the sockets a little deeper so they would hold the plugs without making connection until the plug is pushed all the way in?

I thought about that, but since I don't have any control over the quality of the cigarette lighter plugs I thought it was best to design it so that you didn't have to keep unplugging and replugging them.  I also assumed that since every household power outlet in Australia is switched, it must be for a good reason. ;-)

You might also want to look at simply mounting everything on a piece of rot-resisant wood and use solid copper wire mounted securely on the board for connections. Look to antique electrical stuff for examples of how to make circuits that will last.

That's a good idea.  I still want to have everything inside a box, but I doubt that the piece of chipboard I used for the prototype would last long in a high-humidity tropical setting.  Perhaps marine ply?

Just my .02

That's all I can ask for. ;-)

BTH

[ Parent ]



Re: Small Solar PV switchboard (3.00 / 0) (#4)
by Bryan1 on Mon Dec 20th, 2004 at 03:24:35 AM MST
(User Info)

Hi BTH,
       Eh mate if ya in Oz then just go to Altronics,Jaycar or Dick Smith and get a jiffy box. There cheap and you can get water resistant ones, I use them for the majority of my electronic projects.

Cheers Bryan1

[ Parent ]



Re: Small Solar PV switchboard (3.00 / 0) (#9)
by BT Humble (bt_humble@bigpond.com) on Mon Dec 20th, 2004 at 07:23:04 PM MST
(User Info) http://www.humbletown.org


Hi BTH,
       Eh mate if ya in Oz then just go to Altronics,Jaycar or Dick Smith and get a jiffy box. There cheap and you can get water resistant ones, I use them for the majority of my electronic projects.
Cheers Bryan1

Thanks Bryan - I considered that but I reckoned it would be better to make these things so that they can be easily constructed with materials that are readily available to the people there, the old "teach a man to fish" thing[1].

I'd much rather send over a box of transistors, LEDs, cable, tin snips, pop rivets and such than a box of completed units.  If the people concerned have actually been hands-on in building them for themselves, they're a lot more likely to have a go at repairing them if anything goes wrong.  I know that a box isn't expensive of itself, but I'm trying so save a few cents wherever I can. ;-)

BTH
[1] "Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day.  Teach a man to fish and he'll spend every weekend for the rest of his life drinking beer aboard a boat." ;-)

[ Parent ]



Re: Small Solar PV switchboard (3.00 / 0) (#5)
by jimjjnn (jimjjnn at yahoo dot com) on Mon Dec 20th, 2004 at 06:18:50 AM MST
(User Info)

The switches are  a weak point. I did something similar to this in the past using 5 amp DC switches . With less than 5 amp loads consistently, the switches failed in less than 90 days.
The switches in your system are not needed unless you have the plugs plugged in all the time. If that is the case , then you are better off just hardwiring(solder connections) the circuits .

Just a thought
Jim Denver,CO



Re: Small Solar PV switchboard (3.00 / 0) (#6)
by BT Humble (bt_humble@bigpond.com) on Mon Dec 20th, 2004 at 02:14:01 PM MST
(User Info) http://www.humbletown.org


The switches are  a weak point. I did something similar to this in the past using 5 amp DC switches . With less than 5 amp loads consistently, the switches failed in less than 90 days.
The switches in your system are not needed unless you have the plugs plugged in all the time. If that is the case , then you are better off just hardwiring(solder connections) the circuits .

Thanks, I'll keep that in mind.  I'll be testing this prototype for 3 months anyway, and I chose these particular switches because they looked particularly robust (I've also been using them on my shed lights for 18 months).

Better give them a good workout! ;-)

Thank you all for your comments, they've all been duly noted for version B. ;-)

BTH

[ Parent ]



Re: Small Solar PV switchboard (3.00 / 0) (#7)
by richhagen (richhagen (a t) Juno.com) on Mon Dec 20th, 2004 at 02:57:57 PM MST
(User Info)

I've had the laundry room lights in my building run through a DC switch for several years now, It probably only draws an amp or two and I don't switch it very often, but the switch is only rated for 3 amps, it has worked flawlessly and is very convenient.  Also, some of those cigarette plugs are very cheaply made now.  I'd rather have an oversized quality switch especially for inside with low humidity.  If it's outside or very rough environment, how about an old fashioned knife type switch, you can't beat them for reliability.  Rich Hagen
'A Joule saved is a Joule made'
[ Parent ]


Re: Small Solar PV switchboard (3.00 / 0) (#8)
by BT Humble (bt_humble@bigpond.com) on Mon Dec 20th, 2004 at 07:17:42 PM MST
(User Info) http://www.humbletown.org


I've had the laundry room lights in my building run through a DC switch for several years now, It probably only draws an amp or two and I don't switch it very often, but the switch is only rated for 3 amps, it has worked flawlessly and is very convenient.  Also, some of those cigarette plugs are very cheaply made now.  I'd rather have an oversized quality switch especially for inside with low humidity.  If it's outside or very rough environment, how about an old fashioned knife type switch, you can't beat them for reliability

They'll be mounted indoors, on a wall.  The switches are rated 3A at 125VAC, so I'm expecting they'll cope OK with the 350-500mA that each of the lights draw (8W fluorescents).

BTH

[ Parent ]



Re: Small Solar PV switchboard (3.00 / 0) (#10)
by jimjjnn (jimjjnn at yahoo dot com) on Mon Dec 20th, 2004 at 07:55:37 PM MST
(User Info)

Knife Swtches are great and most are fairly cheap. Might check Graingers. Bound to be other places too
Jim Denver,CO
[ Parent ]


Small Solar PV switchboard | 10 comments (10 topical, 0 editorial)
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