simplest explanation is heated expanding gas does work- then cools and goes thru the cycle again. stirling cycle is typically closed-meaning the same gas is used over and over again, ericcson cycle is typically open-fresh air charge each time.
rankine cycles are steam cycles -same principle-heated expanding gas does work- then cools.
there are lots of little tricks that have been used to make them more efficient, but generally the higher the temperature difference the higher the efficiency.
L8r
Mike