I expect that would happen at the meter
With POUT the meter would know the difference between staple needs, the basic requirements of healthful living, and luxuries. Basically a RFID system built into classes of appliances, small electronics and systems.
An example a base rate for the household potable water well pump but tripling or higher rate for a luxury spa Jacuzzi-style hot tub water pump - and the meter knowing the difference between the households hot water heater and the auxiliary heaters in the hot tub. The list goes on and on, first ten CFL's are free, a built-in 'ripple' (cripple) control on high demands appliances, blah blah...
Incentives on participating in including this technology on the residential level would have to be legislated; California's wealthy enclaves etc. are likely targets.
I am certainly not enjoying the prospect of POUT - just commenting on it will be interesting!